These links hold a selection of essays and personal reflections providing insight to the type of person and teacher I am.

Through the Eyes of a Child:
Reflection on myself as an elementary student and that influence on me as an elementary teacher
Personal Philosophy of Teaching Science:
Essay upon my arrival at an appreciation for science and understanding why it has always challenged me
Case Study on Trevor:
Observations, interviews and reflections (academic and personal) regarding the challenges facing urban students
Curricular Cohesion Presentation
A Powerpoint presentation, created for a Literacy for Teachers course taken during my first year.
Autonomy VS. Isolation 
An editorial observation on the professional environment of elementary teaching as perceived by a career-changer following his first year teaching. 
The Best Student
An essay in response to a student's private inquiry.
Professional Development Proposal
A Powerpoint presentation documenting my synthesis of research on effective elementary PD (April 2009).

Through the Eyes of a Child
   
I was crazy about Melissa Steele.  She wasn’t the prettiest or most popular girl, but she laughed at me.  Her laugh made me feel like the king of the fifth grade.  Lately I’ve been thinking of an episode from that year that must tell me something of how I was as a student and, given the context of my life now, it must relate somehow to the teacher I aspire to be. 
    The Spanish teacher, Mr. Ledezma, would come twice a week and give us an abbreviated introduction to that language.  The lesson consisted mainly of echoing him while looking at pictures representing the words we were learning.  To add variety one day, he called on people to come up and lead the class in his stead.  Melissa went first.  She chose Aaron as her successor, who then chose Bill.  After a few people had gone, Melissa called out for someone to choose me.  I can still hear her shouting, “Pick Walt, he’ll be hilarious!”  When I got up in front of the class, I had nothing funny to say.  I wasn’t uncomfortable, but my off-the-cuff humor apparently stayed in my seat.  I could tell she was a little let down, but by the time we went to lunch, I’d earned my crown back by cracking her up in line.
    I’ve not yet made sense of this occasion or why this memory has decided to turn up so many times lately.  In my farthest analogous stretches I might predict a similarity in Walt as an elementary student and Walt as an elementary teacher.  In those days, my stage was the small group, line, recess, lunch or the few kids seated near me on the bus.  In intimate settings I would liven the conversation and engage my peers.  It wasn’t always orthodox or even on task at that age, but it was always intimate.  As the group got larger, I listened more than talked.  I feel quite sure that peers from that part of my life remember me for that. 
In today’s terms, I still see myself as the catalyst of a small group.  As a teacher, my small group is the whole classroom where I anticipate touching, entertaining, teaching or just getting each student to think at some point.  I know that this talent will reach beyond my classroom door, not directly or even publicly.  As I’ve grown, the group has grown and I can see myself at the front of the class, now with something to say. 
    I am the youngest child of an educator and a minister.  My siblings, five and seven years older, inadvertently molded the interaction I would have with my parents and teachers.  Watching their mistakes, I learned how to navigate.  I saw the lack of reaction tantrums would get and what consequences obstinance received.  I learned to be accommodating and stealth-like.  My behavior at home seldom warranted discipline, granted my parents, by then, had seen or dealt with it all and the boundaries were probably somewhat extended.  This instilled in me a sense of freedom to spread my wings and appreciate what room I had, without feeling a need to push limits. 
    In elementary school, I recall being highly respectful of authority.  Looking back, I realize that respect is synonymous with what I now call fear.  If the teacher took you in the hall to talk, everyone watched you walk out.  They knew what you were doing when you were called out as well as you did.  Then, because you were raised in a respectful household, you had to bear looking into the teacher’s disappointed eyes and answer rhetorical questions about why you were misbehaving.   What’s more is returning to the room and trying to look ten-feet tall, when you actually felt like you just made your mom cry.  Such scenarios may have happened with one or two teachers only and were never repeated.  Part of being raised correctly was this instilled “respect for authority”.  God knows I never set foot in The Office!  The aroma of discipline and shame wafting from that room the few times I stopped in for a Band-aid was enough to asphyxiate.  The fear wasn’t of consequences; it was about pride.  (Granted, in the office they knew my mom and she knew my dad who had a belt that knew my behind.)  It was about pride that I didn’t want to let my teachers down, I didn’t want to explain myself to my parents and I definitely didn’t want to lose my opportunity to entertain my small group by spending time being punished.  I knew my limits.
    As you can imagine, a student with these beliefs was a joy to his teachers.  I have no doubt that they spent summers meeting for tea to discuss “how nice it was to have that Sutterlin boy in class” and exciting the lucky co-worker whose roster held my name for the coming year.  I wouldn’t be surprised if there is a group of academic retirees somewhere in North Carolina who still lament my graduation.  Honestly though, I was the type of student who respected the teachers as individuals because my mom was one of them.  My perspective was somewhat different in that I never assumed they holed up in the coat closet until we came back each day, as I later learned some of my peers believed.  I didn’t think that they all lived in the lounge or that little room behind the library that was always locked.  I realized early on that my teachers were someone else’s parent or spouse and a student with that awareness made it easier for them to focus on educating.  It is when a student views his teachers first as real people that he best allows them to be teachers.
    In my own classroom someday, I hope I will remember the value of my situation as a student.  It was thrust upon me that I was a teacher’s and a preacher’s kid, but I didn’t know at the time how lucky I was.  Many people have distorted images of how surreal are those professionals.  I intend to make myself “real” to my students, to let them into my life and my corner of the world so that they see that teachers are flawed, but striving individuals, real people.  I’m probably setting up a hard balancing act for myself to maintain a leadership role while showing vulnerability, especially since I want to teach those heartless middle schoolers!  I think it’s important though to create a mutual investment with each student, to give him, or her, a sense of pride similar to what was given to me unbeknownst. 
    I don’t recall much about my learning preferences.  It wasn’t until late elementary that I realized I like Social Studies best, if I had to pick.  Until then, I just went with the flow, learned to read with basals, struggled on fractions and hid my lack of athleticism by always playing the field in kickball.  I preferred certain times of the day like the read aloud or the infrequent computer lab, but not certain learning styles.  I remember just going and doing and looking at a lot of chalkboards.  This makes me think I was probably exposed to an abundance of rote learning.     
    One teacher stands out from the chalkboard.  Joni Nash was my fourth grade teacher.  She really gave me a sense of preference and it seems to have been throughout the day and across all subjects that I was exposed to different styles.  I remember dissecting frogs and eating tofu, both new experiences related to the lesson.  One day she even told us a sub was coming in then, in the hall, she dressed up like an old mountain man to the point we didn’t even know who she was and she returned to teach us a lesson in character.  We were so surprised and tickled when she removed her beard!  Naturally I can’t remember what the lesson was about, which reduces the impact of this point, however it stands that active teaching and engaging students in experiences to accentuate the learning is a prime example of how     I want students to learn and remember me.  I looked up this teacher shortly after graduating prematurely, just to let her know that her style had affected my life positively.  I found her again when I decided that I must become a teacher, not unrelated to her influence. 
    I think daily about what kind of teacher I want to be.  It’s a different and welcome process to consider what kind of student I was as an influence on becoming a teacher.  I really believe that being a teacher is a personality one has before a profession one occupies.  Opening the door to reflect on things in the formative years of my personality is a new challenge that, with some ongoing introspection, should guide decisions for what type of professional I choose to become.  Knowing limits, sharing self and fostering intimacy will go on.  The value of laughter that I learned from Melissa Steele endures in my adult life and is bound to find a place in my teaching. 

Return to Top


Personal Philosophy of Teaching Science
    After a number of years en route to a teaching career, and as a generally reflective individual, I have pondered many aspects of my person.  I think it good practice to continually revisit who I am and what I believe.  Until now I have neglected consideration of any beliefs around science teaching.  My major and minor, social studies and language respectively, are typically practiced as arts and I’ve maintained an academic segregation of them from science and math.  I classified science as strictly empirical and fact-driven, while the “arts” lent themselves to interpretation.  Recently, however, I have begun to recognize that both are truly based in inquiry, a common element linking humanity.  This new understanding has since led me to determine how I believe science is best taught, focusing on personalities like my own, whose inclination is to separate and even avoid science. With this belief, and some careful research, I’ve decided that two major elements enhance science teaching and learning:  prediction and participation.
    A fundamental of my approach to teaching is maieutic.  I believe that many students bring to the table a wealth of understanding and experience in many forms.  A central chore of a science teacher, or any teacher, is to develop this through thoughtful discussion, rather than imparting knowledge.   Margaret Birse, in a presentation at the AustraliaNew Zealand conference, rightly states, “Children are naturally inquisitive, observe something interesting and ask questions about it.” (1996).  By taking “something interesting”, having students create their own questions and predictions, then effectively posing meaningful questions back to them, I submit that students are able to turn inherent understanding into applicable knowledge.  Birse calls this stimulating “natural curiosity and imagination”(1996).
    An important revelation I reached while considering this philosophy is the additional function predicting and questioning play for the teacher. By soliciting predictions, where students can operate and participate confidently, Birse points out that teachers can gauge students’ understandings and misunderstandings, further directing the types of questions needed to drive students to improve naïve concepts and create accurate knowledge (1996).  Central to this constructivist approach is a student-centered emphasis on investigative processing.
    Since modern educators uncovered Vygotsky’s theory of constructivism, much adieu has been given to student participation in their learning process.  I recall many a science classes where frustrated teachers emptied boxes of chalk diagramming and reading text on scientific theory, confused at why I, and many peers, didn’t “get it”.  In eighth grade, however, an un-degreed college drop out put our science class into pairs and marched us outside to the fire escape to experiment, discuss and determine if a marble and baseball would hit the ground at the same time when dropped.  This approach provided instant clarity and was the first experiment of a year full of actual learning.  Ironically, this, one of the best teachers many of us ever had, was removed when the school found out his lack of credentials.
    In his article on making chemistry fun, Bal Barot of Lake Michigan College puts a name to this phenomenon, Peer-Led Team Learning, where “the goal is hand-on problem solving in a non-intimidating manner” (2004).  In this model, students work together to discover scientific understanding that they might not reach alone, with guided instruction from a teacher and one another.  Psychologist William Glasser (as cited in Tabor & Anderson, 2003) has stated that we retain 80% of what we experience and 95% of what we teach others.  This theory is supported by research wherein fourth graders were taught a science lesson, then in groups, demonstrated the experience to younger students.  Post assessments revealed that 70% of the students who participated in peer demonstrations achieved mastery understanding of the content, as compared with 58% mastery achievement by another fourth-grade class who did not participate in peer instruction (Tabor & Anderson, 2003).  Furthermore, it has been established that active construction by the individual and through interaction leads to understanding (p.28, National Academy of Science, 1996).  I believe this to be hard evidence that participation in science is integral to learning science and must therefore be a cornerstone in my approach to teaching science.
    Given financial and class discrepancies that our society has created, it is essential for science teachers to provide for students opportunities and experiences that will help them develop areas of knowledge that may not be as refined.  This activity will not impede those students who already attain certain understandings, but will solidify that knowledge.  Once provided, students will be able to pull, from their own stores, predictions for scientific outcomes.  Participating through experimentation allows them to further develop their knowledge, perhaps refine those predictions and continue experiencing science as a form of inquiry and understanding.  Predicting and participating engage students in a search to make the abstract concrete and the puzzling comprehensible.

References

Barot, B. (2003).  How to make learning chemistry fun, exciting and interesting.  MSTA Journal, 48, 18-22.

Birse, M.  (1996).  The constructivist approach to science and technology.  Paper presented at the Australia and New Zealand Conference (6th, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, January 9-11, 1996).

National Academy of Sciences (1996).  National science education standards.  Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 

Tabor, R. & Anderson, S. (2003).  Action research: The use of demonstrations to increase achievement.  MSTA Journal, 48, 28-31.

Return to Top

Case Study on Trevor
Life Context
    Trevor is a ten year-old black boy sitting in an urban fifth-grade classroom looking very thoughtful.  He observes the activity, occasionally participating, but mainly watching.  When we first met, he had big hair like an Afro, but with no form.  It would take the shape of his hands or whatever object upon which it rested.  A few weeks into my visits he shaved his hair to less than an inch.  He caught my interest on the first day.  My cooperating teacher advised me to watch the room, then go with my gut for which child would make an interesting case study.  Trevor intrigued me because he seemed to have a dark side one minute, but the next he would be smiling and patiently raising his hand to participate.  I felt I could learn something from this child.
    All of his classmates are black, in numerous shades.  In fact, the charter school he attends is mostly black, except for the teachers.  There seems to be an equal ratio of black and white adults in the school.  Most of his fifth-grade class is at fourth-grade math and reading levels, including Trevor. The room is heavily decorated with content posters papering most of the walls.  The desks are all alike, but there’s just not a lot of warmth to the room.  The whiteboard and plain walls give it a hard feeling beneath unforgiving fluorescent lights.  Were it not for those lights revealing the dirt, the room would seem sterile.  Despite the teacher’s efforts, it does not feel learning-friendly. 
    For this case study to be authentic, it would not be just for me to describe Trevor’s world through my eyes, so I wanted him to tell me about it.   To ensure he didn’t feel singled out or know that I was giving his case special recognition, I made my inquiries in a small group of his peers.  It was sometimes hard to discern opinion from regurgitated adult talk, even from his occasional attempts to impress me linguistically.  He seemed to want to look at me, but wouldn’t maintain eye contact.  I think I got the gist of how Trevor perceives his life and I believe it is quite sincere.  He says his classroom is “big and unorganized”.  However, he thinks it is “educative”, obviously referring to the mass of charts, maps and process reminders.  He and his peers always talk about “who goes with who” and the girls frequently try to start fights about that subject.  The teacher is nice, but receives no other commentary.  Basically, as Trevor puts it, “People talks a lot.” 
    I ask what they think about their school and Trevor tells me it’s “fit” for his mind.  This is a unique adjective for me in this context.  He explains this is because he feels he learns things early in preparation for the next year of school.  Despite being academically behind, it’s good that he feels challenged and successful.  He doesn’t think much about being in an all black school because it is virtually all he’s known.  He doesn’t share any preconceived notions about white people and tells me that he does not care if the teachers are black or white, he’s had both, because he “just wants to learn”.
    Trevor’s neighborhood, in his estimation, is “not fit”.  There are lots of shootings and drug deals.  He vividly describes the dealers and their cars. Trevor thinks they’re “stupid for doing drugs” and he likes it when the “raid team” often comes to take them and their cars away.  His matter-of-fact way of telling me this is unfortunate, but I see hope that he admires the police.  During the 2003 blackout, a car crashed into a building “so that people could steal stuff”.  “Lots of car wrecks” happen in his neighborhood because “people are always drunk”, so he doesn’t play outside very much.  Subsequently, he doesn’t have many friends away from school.
    Instead, Trevor stays inside with his family.  His mom doesn’t work and the dad works second shift for a distribution plant.  Trevor has four brothers and one sister.  At ten, he is the second oldest, but the older sister only lives in his house intermittently.  His brothers are six, six, four and seven months.  His father is not the same as theirs, but he couldn’t really explain the relationships.  He only knows they’re a family.  A cousin who lived with them recently died of diabetes-related gangrene on her birthday.  An infant cousin drowned recently in the bathtub.  The details of these stories and the lack of emotion in sharing them is again disturbing to me, I hope therapeutic for Trevor.
    He tells me that his mom has been trying to get a job, but she has to stay home with the baby right now.  He has proudly helped both parents with their homework from classes at “WC3” (Wayne County Community College).  Every night, except Sunday, the entire family rides in their one car to pick up their dad from work at ten o’clock, perhaps explaining his tired countenance.  He does admit that he and his mom stayed up the night before watching a moving until one in the morning.  Sometimes, if they finish their homework, she will take all of the kids to Belle Isle to play on the playground because “it’s safer there.”  Most of the time though, Trevor stays at home playing True Crime on his X-Box.  He prefers to be the cop.
      
As a Learner         
    Trevor is committed.  A number of occasions when I’ve observed him with coursework, he has requested to miss or be late for special activities to finish the assignment.  I have seen him work in all content areas and each time he has put his heart into learning, then showing that he can do it.  When he doesn’t understand something, he does not get frustrated and want to quit, it actually makes him try harder.  Even after weeks of MEAP testing, he sat for almost an hour working an assignment that the rest of the class could barely focus on for twenty minutes.  He doesn’t just absorb the material and restate it just to finish the lesson like many students.  He actually wants to try more exercises to solidify his knowledge.  However, he is by no means nerdy or super smart. 
    As mentioned, Trevor is at fourth-grade reading and math levels so he is challenged by fifth-grade expectations.  He tells me Social Studies is his favorite subject and he likes to choose topics then write about them.  His writing mechanics are lacking, not only stemming from his casual register, but also because he is challenged at writing things he can discuss with sophistication.  He seems to realize this and has the confidence to use invented writing techniques to represent these ideas.  These have proven to confuse him later on, but he is willing to improve. 
    Admittedly, he’s challenged by math, but this is one area where I have specifically witnessed his perseverance.  Again, translation plays a role.  Once, I represented base ten numbers to him in dollars and with that authentic application, he was able to calculate and respond much more quickly and accurately than discussing the same operation abstractly.
    The only accommodation Trevor receives is after-school tutoring in math from his teacher.  She offered him the opportunity to improve his math skills and he volunteers to stay a few times each week for one-on-one tutoring.  This seems to reflect his determination.  While perhaps eligible, he receives no other special services.
    In his special courses (art, music, physical education), Trevor pays attention and works independently.  He is no more or less prone to mischief than most students, but tends to focus on his work first, then fools around.  Even in horseplay, he shows self-control and an awareness of behavioral expectations. 
 
Making Connections
    In her book, A Framework for Understanding Poverty, Ruby Payne describes how a person must forgo certain relationships and behaviors to rise to the middle class.  I see potential in Trevor to do this because he shows a desire for goals of more than his life currently affords.  He also appears open to a special, mentoring relationship, as exhibited in his determination to succeed at his schoolwork, his apparent negligence of peer opinion and his response to discipline.  His attempt to use language outside of his comfort zone is another example of eagerness to rise. 
    Spending his school career almost entirely with classmates of his own race may prove the theory questioned in Kwanza and Me, that integrated schools diminish a minority child’s psyche, but single-race schools build it up (Paley, 1995).  Most fifth-graders would feel somewhat self-conscious after a major change to their appearance, such as Trevor’s hairstyle change, but it didn’t seem to phase him.  This child’s positive self-image seems unshakeable. 
    I’m not sure if his emotional life has been neglected as is common with boys (Kindlon, 1999).  Having a working father in the home and a mother who does not work must provide a more stable set of role models that encourage his positive outlook.  I have not seen any evidence of a temper, but his occasional silence and introverted personality may be a sign of pent-up emotion.  This could be the dark side I thought I had seen, or merely just a boy’s way of “recharging” (Kindlon, 1999).
    Trevor has not always been trouble-free.  In fourth-grade he brought a hard-core pornographic magazine to school and didn’t appear affected at the intense graphics.  His lacking reaction to the material shocked the administration.  It may be characteristic of his personality to be laid back, even in the face of consequences for poor decisions.  The implications of such a personality and situation are intriguing on two fronts.  First, here is a child born into plenty of social and academic challenges.  Second is an evident inner resolve to succeed.  As a teacher, consideration must be given to address and support both.
    It seems resources are readily provided to build up students when they end up in juvenile detention facilities and out of mainstream schooling.  Over 600,000 children go this way each year (Williams, 2004, p. 24).  Often their success stories are highlighted, as well as those of their superstar teachers who turn delinquents into striving pupils.  But what to do with the student who has not hit bottom, but whose situation places him precariously vulnerable to fall?  In an article about Detroit’s Benjamin Carson Academy, the nation’s first charter school for juvenile offenders, principal Nathaniel King says, “We try to make kids like school again, make them aware that they can learn, and we try to reach them at their level.” (Williams, 2004, p. 26).  Without degrading King’s vital and positive work, I think of the many Trevors I have come across and realize my role as a teacher is to do anything and everything I can to make these same strides before students get to that low place.  The best defense is a good offense.
    In this spirit, it is imperative that all teachers educate ourselves in building, recognizing and fostering motivation.  Trevor seems to have an uncommon level of intrinsic motivation, which, when recognized, should make teaching him a little easier.  He knows when he learns something and it encourages him to try harder to master it.  Granted, he is still a fifth-grader and subject to transient lack of focus due to his age, gender and home life, but he creates his own momentum from learning.  To foster such motivation, or build it in students lacking, it is important to involve them in the assessment process.  Doing this will help develop self-monitoring and self-evaluation skills, which are important in enhancing self-efficacy (Ormrod, 2003, p. 321).  It guides the students to become invested in their own success, which almost always leads to positive results.  A critical feature of nurturing motivation is the placement of value.  Whether it is identifying a student’s interests or showing your own enthusiasm for a subject, “fostering value for academic subject matter” is a key element in motivation (Ormrod, 2003, p. 399). 
        
Insights and Reflection
    In reviewing my assessment of Trevor with his teacher, we both came to view him in a different way.  She realized that she may be too close at times to see some of unique aspects of her students, such as Trevor’s commitment to learn.  This was jaded to her because he has a habit of not turning in assignments.  In her reflection, she realized how convicted he was to learn material and we discussed instances where he was eager to teach classmates things he recently mastered.  We agree that it is this perseverance that inspires us to try harder to teach such a child.
    The more we analyzed the late assignments we realized that we had different impressions of his home life.  My investigation found a child, supported by two parents in an environment where that was not typical.  I thought this contributed to his positive attitude and comfortable presentation.  His teacher, on the other hand, knew only of his mother and only from occasions when she walked him to the car to confirm a message would get home.  She found it odd that Trevor and his mom acted more like friends than parent and child.
    As I put the pieces together and shared my information with her, it became clear that Trevor’s dark side was probably a childhood suppressed.  As the oldest child of a family where the dad is gone most of the waking hours and the mom is ill-educated, Trevor is, in effect, the other adult in his house.  Hence, staying up late watching movies with his mom was probably not an uncommon event as she probably does treat him like more of a friend than a son.  Dealing with such traumatic experiences as his neighborhood and the deaths of family member further pushed him into adult-mode.  It stands to reason that turning in fifth-grade school assignments probably isn’t a big deal when your role at home is so far above it.  What appears to be a laid-back attitude may actually be preoccupation with much greater responsibilities. 
    All of this is consistent with the elements of poverty, as outlined by Ruby Payne.  Still there is a strong argument for the motivation factor in helping this man-child to rise.  He has improved behaviorally over the past two years.  The results of this improvement have shown academically.  I see an opportunity for this correlation to be tapped to his advantage.  His academic work is inhibited only by his home situation and apparent lack of genuine support, which is no small force.  It is realizing these connections that confirms, once again, my instincts as a teacher and drives me to show him the benefits of exploiting this motivation.
    Still, I must put myself in the place of Trevor’s teacher and recognize the almost impossible challenge of evaluating each student to this degree.  For every Trevor I figure out and learn to build up, there will probably be ten that slip by, evade or defeat me.  No less, by merely identifying these things in one child, I am more prepared to respond to them with ten others.  When the day comes that I have the chance to pursue these findings, it will be with Trevor’s commitment that I encourage another child to rise.  The bottom line is: Win or lose, I will be fighting the good fight. 
References
Kindlon, D. & Thompson, M. (1999).  Raising Cain.  New York: Ballantine Books.

Ormrod, J.E.  (2003).  Educational Psychology: Developing Learners. (4th ed.)  Columbus, OH: Merrill Prentice Hall 
 Paley, V. G. (1995). Kwanza and me: A teacher's story. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  Payne, R.K. (2001).  A framework for understanding poverty.  (New Revised Edition).  Highlands, TX: aha! Process, Inc.
  Williams, D.  (2004, Spring).  Raise the Bar.  Teaching Tolerance, 24-29.

Return to Top



Autonomy VS. Isolation: Understanding the Culture of Teaching
A Strange, New World
    I recall, with regret, one of the ideals that motivated me to change careers and become an elementary school teacher.  I lived what I then thought was the fast-paced business world where my role was to participate and synthesize teams of employees to perform as one juggernaut of efficacy to achieve a common goal.  Time after time, we ultimately realized great success though I viewed the collaboration as cumbersome, frustrated that the success wasn’t always on my terms.  Too many days I sat in an air-conditioned cube, sipping hot coffee and daydreaming of becoming a teacher, where I could close my classroom door and be a private contractor, nurturing and helping young learners based on my goals and on my terms.  Not long into the year at my hard-earned, first teaching position, I realized how pampered I had been, not only with functional air conditioning and hot coffee, but within a culture of collaboration, no matter how unwieldy it seemed at times.
    I asked a lot of questions that first year, questions I honestly felt were fundamental to an organization’s operation and for a new employee’s orientation.  Where do I find the materials to do my job?  What is the protocol for this situation?  Why are we teaching different content to the same group of children?  Coming into this field, I felt like a relatively intelligent person.  After only a few weeks, I wondered if I was a bumbling idiot, insane, or merely dismissed as naïve because I kept arriving at the same answer to these questions from teachers, administrators and mentors:  Do the best you can. 
It came in many forms, sometimes with explanations, sometimes with an encouraging wink, too often with a shrug and the follow-up, “Welcome to teaching.”  After prying door after classroom door open, figuratively and sometimes literally in a few districts, I realized a culture has been created throughout elementary education that is as insidious, if not more so, than government mandates, unequal distributions of wealth, or altogether lack of funding. Those are problems the average Joe- and Jane-citizen can freely analyze and lament regarding American school children’s relative educational suffering, but the status quo of isolation that one finds within the profession of teaching seems so powerful that it avoids finding its way into public debate when it could be a cornerstone saving us from ourselves.  Within that first year, I recognized the value, and absence, of collaboration in elementary teaching.  I also knew I was surrounded by years of experience, knowledge and a sincere regard for children’s learning.  I had to understand this disassociation of such fertile means working separately towards a mutual end. 

Autonomy v. Isolation
    Warned as I was at the University of the dangers lurking in the teachers’ lounge, I knew it would offer the raw opinion necessary to help me form my own.  Playing up my own ignorance and innocent interest to understand, I approached educator after educator with a point-blank bluntness searching for answers to how a profession based on molding young minds to succeed in our society had come to be comprised of individuals working so independently. Many teachers vehemently defended their “autonomy” in the classroom and were offended by my inquiry to delineate that from “isolation”.  It became more and more clear, as I interviewed these brilliant and experienced lovers of learning and children that many of the tools needed to begin turning education around are already within our schools.  The system just hasn’t always been managed in cohesion.  Somewhere in the past twenty or thirty years of the teaching workforce, the subversive mentality of isolationism has become an accepted solution to the myriad of internal and external challenges. 
Similarly, I reflected upon my previous career and understood that the frustration I’d felt was simply the natural strain of people working together, where the whole becomes better than the parts and challenges are overturned with the combined knowledge of many working as one.  As I dug farther, I came to understand my colleagues and the culture of teaching.  I gained a new respect for their journey to this point and a new vision of where I would like to see the profession of teaching mature further.
Learn Your History…
    As of late, much is being written about the expectations of the new workforce of Generations X and Y.  These workers, be they teachers or otherwise, want to know what is expected of them, they want reassurance on their progress and they want to be a piece of something larger than themselves.  This provides for quite the juxtaposition with teachers who have been in the classroom for most of the Gen X/Y lifespan.
    Over and over I’ve heard tales of teachers who started their careers in the 1970’s and 1980’s, being given a key and directions to their room, then told, “Do the best you can.”  (Sound familiar?)  Given the fear I had with a few weeks to prepare my first room, locate material and relentlessly contact a mentor teacher with questions, I can only imagine their daunting task of a first job requiring such lonely freedom.  At that point, these same teachers realized it was time to sink or swim.  Those that are still here were the swimmers who dove into lesson planning, classroom management and all that is teaching, which required finding (or creating) any materials they imagined up for helping students to learn.  Many graduates of the teaching programs of yesteryear received little more than a Bachelor’s Degree in English, Math, History or Science, I’ve found.  There were fewer educational theory courses, lesson plan methods courses, cultural or socio-economic appreciation courses, much less a how-to course on teaching each subject area to specific-aged children.  Today’s mentor teachers primarily learned to teach by teaching, arguably still a viable method.  They were baptized by fire into curriculum planning and child psychology.  They came with their wits.  They taught most of the Gen X/Y teachers as children and are still teaching us today as colleagues. 
    However, through all of their efforts to survive each day and create paths where there were few, isolation became inasmuch a job requirement.  To maintain a sense of personal accomplishment and balance amid multiple duties and sparse resources, the classroom door had to shut to block out interference, so that each of these teachers could make their way.  This was a generation and workforce of the Baby Boom, parented by a likewise work ethic of doing what had to be done.  As today, teaching was largely a female occupation with a healthy influence of the feminist movement.  The glass ceiling was steadily being raised during this era as were the stakes for proving independent success. To be sure, there are exceptions, progressives, and even schools of collaboration in this generation, but by and by, there is reason to understand any sense of isolationism that resulted from these circumstances. 
It must also be considered that substantial pride is felt when one creates something unique to the world.  Artists feel it, parents feel it, teachers feel it.  The act of teaching, by nature, requires self-reflection.  We are our own worst critics, but due to that very personal and prideful process, we are sometimes prone to dismiss the valuable constructive criticism of a second set of eyes.  Without external intervention, this sense of autonomy developed as much in pride as with necessity to survive in the workplace.
    Today’s graduates, and even career-changing teachers as myself, are indoctrinated with a new approach to teaching.  From the earliest courses in University teaching programs, educators are reminded of standards, benchmarks and grade-level expectations.  However nebulous these terms seem at the time, how ever-changing they are, standardized teaching goals are a permanent fixture in the educational landscape.  Standards-based tests are also slowly becoming more appropriate for children and connect directly to material expected to be taught in every classroom.  For the system this is a positive thing, as it both caters to the desires of Gen X/Y workers to have clear direction, but also provides a common vernacular for all teachers, even those who resist a common language.
    Imagine the teachers who have spent years of their lives creating and improving lessons, learning what students can do, purchasing and making the tools they need for their students to be successful.  When they finally hit a comfortable stride, new rules are introduced to the game.  Standards?  Benchmarks?  What happens when these conflict with the content and lessons they’ve poured a career’s worth of heart and soul into?  Generally, because educators are a wise bunch, much of what they’ve always taught is generally consistent with the standards, newly dictated in many districts just since the millennium.  The change is smooth, but there are enough teachers who have units, or entire curricula, that are simply not in line with what the current conventional wisdom requires via State and Federal standards.  Who can blame these teachers for closing the door and continuing as before?  Certainly, the rationale I’ve heard can be justified that if they only have a few more years until retirement little harm can be done.  Right? 
    Consistent production has been commonplace in other industries, even helped to fuel the industrialization of our country vis-à-vis Henry Ford.  But learners aren’t widgets.  Each child requires a unique approach at specific and appropriate levels.  This philosophy has remained a strong enough argument for “autonomy” that standardization of content was delayed until educational reform movements beginning in the late 1980’s.  A decent argument supports the traditional education model of “isolation” that standardization is not in the best interest of the public, as not all students will be able to perform at the same level, simply based on their unique rate of development.   So it remains safe to say that standardization has not completely ripened, but at least its value has been acknowledged.  With those wheels in motion, I must wonder if the entire debate of standards could have been cut short or curtailed altogether had a culture of cohesion and teacher collaboration, sharing their wonderful and unique wins and losses in the classroom, been harbored as a true reform of education.

Professional?
Development

    Apparently, as educational theory has advanced with analysis of Vygotsky and constructivism, the way we teach teachers has only slightly progressed.  Upon entry to this personally rewarding field, I was surprised to learn that as recently as the current decade, teachers were herded into “stand and deliver” presentations, walked painstakingly page-by-page through binders of research, and otherwise handed piles of consultant-created material with the expectation that it would be implemented in facsimile throughout classrooms with glowing standardized test results as proof that the training was time, and money, well spent.  The current professional development, largely improved I’m told, is often a compilation of materials and resources gathered at a district office in response to surveys of teacher suggestions.  It’s closer to the mark based on audience interest, but still misses the engagement that really supports learning.  Teachers are charged and challenged to engage their students daily.
    In response to training sessions that do not compel educators through personal interest and investment, many return, overwhelmed to their rooms and assimilate to disregard the intent of the professional development, continuing with plans they’ve made, understand and to which they have a personal connection.  Undoubtedly this routine is repeated in many classrooms throughout a school or district, resulting in perpetually inconsistent instruction, despite the good intentions of a district to streamline what is taught.  There are many amazing teachers doing their own wonderful things in this vein and children are learning in many classrooms across the land.  The complement is that there are just as many teachers, new and experienced, who wander through days at the cost of their students’ true learning potential.  This situation makes the system mediocre, despite how effective may be the theory and practices are provided as continuing education.
    I was gratified to witness veteran teachers put forth effort to understand and incorporate what they are fed, but asking legitimate, clarifying questions of professional development.  These are the ones who are engaged in turning proverbial lemons to lemonade, the same ones who so often end up labeled by peers and superiors as “rejectors” and “nay-sayers”.    They are the ones who realize there is value at some level in the training, but it may need a collective touch to mold into something truly practical for a school’s particular children. I’ve come to understand many of these individuals as true “thinkers” and thinkers frequently like to share their understanding.  Unfortunately, the isolationists usually outnumber them, creating more isolated teachers.  The herd mentality is quite ironic in a profession based on new learning and understanding.
    Further rationalizing these responses by overwhelmed teachers is a perceived history of flavor-of-the-month professional development.  When employees realize that management introduces or replaces a tool, process or resource every few months, but infrequently enforces or monitors its use, morale and confidence in leadership deteriorates.  This is not unique to the establishment of education, but is something countless teachers have commented on and further explains how isolation has developed.  With the mounting responsibilities and expectations put upon elementary teachers, it becomes a matter of self-preservation to separate the chaff from the grain in order to get through a day, feeling that you’ve actually connected with your classroom of kids and taught them something.  The components of interpersonal connection and engagement in content are so critical to learning, not only for children but for adults too.
 
Marching On
    There is agreement that none of us want “learning factories” because children, people, are not machines that can all be built the same way.  Reflecting on my work in business, customer satisfaction and delivery of a service, some of the age-old theories of specialization and consistency do hold true however.  The gift that a good teacher brings is his or her own unique approach to teaching something.  That approach may or may not be transferable to a colleague, but by simply sharing practices and understanding on a regular basis, something will be learned.  Thriving industries, those where our students will ultimately be employed, have adopted a culture of collaboration.  If we agree that our students have the potential we believe, doesn’t it seem logical to model a practice that would benefit them…and us?   

The Best Student
    When I found the note, carefully tucked into a pile of papers that had been turned in for grading, I was a little perplexed.  I hadn’t assigned an essay or a pen-pal letter, but there was a full, hand-written page from a student I enjoyed very much.  As I read it, I remember suddenly understanding how my mom must have felt each time I teased her that I was the favorite among my siblings.  The note began, “Who’s the best student in the class?”, then went on to explain how the author, a mature, bright, well-rounded student, longed to be the “best student” and lamented that others may hold that spot in my estimation.
            The note got me thinking.  Do I really have favorites as she interpreted or was it pre-adolescent emotions making this child feel under-appreciated?  Had I not praised enough or was there natural competition brewing?  And what makes the best student?  I ruminated on these thoughts for a time, and then realized I had to somehow respond to this child who had been so courageous and mature in citing feelings of inadequacy…even if it was my own, especially if it was my own!  A part of me was mortified that I’d not shown enough affirmation to a marvelous student.  The other part of me was proud that somehow, my values had transferred through our daily interactions and this student was living my lessons of how to communicate directly and honestly, to let feelings in, sharing them with others, to embrace what moves you, then respond to it.  To this magnificent, questioning child and any others who really “get it” from our time together in Room 120, here is my reply:
             In our little classroom, there is space for twenty-some best students.  Some come every day, others peek in for a minute, a lesson, or an afternoon.  They’re usually not all present at once, but sometimes a whole bunch come together.  I love those days.  On those days, the best student learns, loves, and grows.  The best student shows respect, gives best effort, shows encouragement and loves learning.  The best student listens with keen ears and an open heart.  The best student is prepared more often than not and more often than others.  The best student is ready to learn and willingly reflects her understanding.  He knows the difference between arguing and discussing.  She senses when and when not to do either.  The best student smiles early and often.  The best student is friends to everyone, but doesn’t require the approval of anyone.  She is the example.  The best student teaches his teacher.  He understands that a teacher is a cheerleader and a coach, not a boss, not a judge.  The best student figures out routines quickly.  He learns to enjoy the questioning more than the answering.  The best student sets high expectations for herself.  The best student makes me proud, but makes himself prouder.  He doesn’t require a teacher to learn, but he values learning from his teacher.  The best student is organized.  The best student is responsible, accountable, remarkable, memorable, and most of all, unstoppable.    

The best student “gets it”, so she doesn’t have to worry about being the best student.


Home |  Portfolio  |  Classroom

 Updated July 21, 2009

Walt Sutterlin © 2009. All rights reserved. All works published on http://www.sutterlearn.com/ are copyright protected and may not be used, reprinted, retransmitted, or altered in whole or in part without express written permission of Walt Sutterlin.